Foster Genealogy edition by Frederick Clifton Pierce Reference eBooks
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.......... The earliest use of family names in England was about the beginning of the eleventh century. Long before that time, indeed, clan names were common, and such were always patronymics, e. g., Fotherings, the descendants of Fother; Beormings, the descendants of Beovm; Icklings. the descendants of Ickel. At the time of the Anglo-Saxon conquest of Britain (fifth and sixth centuries) it was customary for a clan to settle in a stockaded village by itself, and all English towns whose names end in ham or ton, preceded by ing, were originally the abodes of single clans; e. g., Birmingham, home of the children of Beorm; Icklington, town of the children of Ickel. Besides these general clan names no others were in use except individual names, such as Alfred or Edith.
The use of family names, beginning in the eleventh century, increased slowly. It was not until the fifteenth century that such names became nearly universal, and also stationary. At first they were shifting in usage. Thus, the same man might be called Henry Wilson, because his father was named William, or Henry Frothing-ham, because he lived at the village of Fotheringham, or Henry Draper, because of his occupation. If the son of this Henry were named Robert, and were any kind of a worker in metals, from an armorer to a blacksmith, he might be known as Robert Harrison or Robert Smith. Surnames had not ceased to fluctuate in this way until the fifteenth century, and it was not until late in the sixteenth that more importance began to be attached to the family surname than to the individual baptismal name. It appears, therefore, that in tracing back the Foster genealogy into the ninth century, we are approaching the time at which difficulty must arise from fluctuations of surname. In the thirteenth century we should be quite likely to encounter such confusion and to find the helpfulness of surnames in tracing genealogies vastly diminished.
Surnames derived from estates or localities seem to have been the first to become stationary, and next after them the surnames derived from trade or ofiice, since sons have so commonly followed their fathers in business.
We are at first struck with the fact that barbarians commonly use such names, both for individuals and for clans. Such individual names as Grey Wolf or Yellow Raccoon often owe their origin to some personal peculiarity or to some irrecoverable incident. Among American Indians, and in general among barbarians all over the world, the clans are apt to have such names as Wolf, Eagle, Salmon, Turtle, etc. ; the totem, or symbol of the Wolf clan, the idol or image of its tutelar deity, is likely to be a rude image of a wolf or wolf's head; and in many cases the clan is supposed to have had a wolf for its first ancestor.
Shall we say, then, that animal surnames in modern English are sur
vals of ancient heathen clan-names? To this view there seems to be a serious objection. The conversion of our Ecglish forefathers from heathenism to Christianity was completed in the seventh centurv, at least four hundred j-ears before the earliest use of surnames in England. The old clan system, moreover, had crumbled to pieces long before the Norman Conquest. It is not likely, therefore, that habits of naming characteristics of the old heathen clans could have persisted long enough to give rise to a whole class of surnames so late as the eleventh and twelfth centuries. Between the ancient systems of totem devices and the heraldry of the Middle Ages there were many analogies and doubtless some points of connection; though, on the whole, the former must be regarded as the predecessor of the latter, not as
its ancestor. The medieval heraldry was growing up in England during the eleventh and twelfth centuries, and it made an extensive use of conventionalized heads of familiar animals, not merely lions, wolves, and bulls, but many kinds of bird and fish, as well as such imaginary creatures as dragons, griffins, and cockatrices.
Foster Genealogy edition by Frederick Clifton Pierce Reference eBooks
If you consider an book copied from the Internet, as a published addition,go ahead an order.The print was so small,I would State it as an 8 pt., it was so far from a passable printed book,
I’m amazed that Amazon bothers selling such a terrible addition!!!!
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Foster Genealogy edition by Frederick Clifton Pierce Reference eBooks Reviews
Quality of the printing, notwithstanding, please consider very carefully whether you really want this book. Pierce's book is held up by scholarly genealogists as the poster child for a faked genealogy. Any information later than Thomas Forster and Elizabeth Carr is highly suspect if not outright faked. It may *look* well researched, but it is mostly a work of fiction.
The 2nd volume of this genealogy history helped me continue the connection with my family and added many people to my family tree.
The Foster family's genealogy intertwines with my family and it was fun and educational to unravel the connecttion between the two families.
I was disappointed that several lhings I was interested in did were not readab le.
Seems well researched. Certainly worth the price. As with most genealogies of it's era it would benefit for more information of its sources. So, it is like the Visitations, it gives you a starting point for more research.
Nice to have in paperback.
If you consider an book copied from the Internet, as a published addition,go ahead an order.
The print was so small,I would State it as an 8 pt., it was so far from a passable printed book,
I’m amazed that bothers selling such a terrible addition!!!!
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